Capacitor wani ɓangare ne da ke adana cajin lantarki. Ka'idar adana makamashi ta janar capacitor da ultra capacitor (EDLC) iri ɗaya ce, duka cajin ajiya ne a cikin nau'in filin lantarki, amma super capacitor ya fi dacewa don fitarwa da adana makamashi cikin sauri, musamman don sarrafa makamashi daidai da na'urorin lodi nan take.
Bari mu tattauna manyan capacitors na gargajiya a ƙasa.
| Abubuwan Kwatanta | Mai Haɗawa na Al'ada | Supercapacitor |
| Bayani | Na'urar capacitor ta al'ada ita ce na'urar adana caji mai tsauri, wadda za ta iya samun caji na dindindin kuma ana amfani da ita sosai. Wani abu ne da ba makawa a fannin wutar lantarki. | Supercapacitor, wanda aka fi sani da electrochemical capacitor, double Layer capacitor, gold capacitor, Faraday capacitor, wani sinadari ne na electrochemical wanda aka haɓaka tun daga shekarun 1970 zuwa 1980 don adana makamashi ta hanyar raba electrolyte. |
| Gine-gine | Na'urar capacitor ta al'ada ta ƙunshi masu sarrafa ƙarfe guda biyu (electrodes) waɗanda suke kusa da juna a layi ɗaya amma ba sa hulɗa, tare da wani abu mai hana ruwa shiga a tsakaninsu. | Supercapacitor ya ƙunshi electrode, electrolyte (wanda ke ɗauke da gishirin electrolyte), da kuma mai rabawa (wanda ke hana hulɗa tsakanin electrodes masu kyau da marasa kyau). An lulluɓe electrodes ɗin da carbon mai aiki, wanda ke da ƙananan ramuka a samansa don faɗaɗa saman electrodes ɗin da kuma adana ƙarin wutar lantarki. |
| Kayan Dielectric | Ana amfani da aluminum oxide, fina-finan polymer ko yumbu a matsayin dielectrics tsakanin electrodes a cikin capacitors. | Supercapacitor ba shi da dielectric. Madadin haka, yana amfani da wani Layer na lantarki mai kauri (electrode) da ruwa (electrolyte) a wurin da aka haɗa maimakon dielectric. |
| Ka'idar aiki | Ka'idar aiki na capacitor ita ce ƙarfin da ke cikin filin lantarki zai motsa cajin, idan akwai dielectric tsakanin masu jagoranci, yana hana motsin caji kuma yana sa cajin ya taru akan mai gudanarwa, wanda ke haifar da tarin ajiyar caji. | A gefe guda kuma, manyan na'urori masu ƙarfi suna samun ajiyar makamashin caji mai matakai biyu ta hanyar raba wutar lantarki da kuma wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi (redox pseudo-capacitive charges). Tsarin adana makamashi na supercapacitors yana iya canzawa ba tare da halayen sinadarai ba, don haka ana iya caji da kuma fitar da shi sau da yawa daruruwan dubban sau. |
| Ƙarfin aiki | Ƙaramin ƙarfin aiki. Ƙarfin ƙarfin gabaɗaya yana daga ƴan pF zuwa dubban μF. | Babban iko. Ƙarfin supercapacitor yana da girma sosai har ana iya amfani da shi azaman baturi. Ƙarfin supercapacitor ya dogara ne akan nisan da ke tsakanin electrodes da yankin saman electrodes. Saboda haka, ana shafa electrodes ɗin da carbon mai aiki don ƙara girman saman don cimma babban ƙarfin aiki. |
| Yawan kuzari | Ƙasa | Babban |
| Takamaiman makamashi | <0.1 Wh/kg | 1-10 Wh/kg |
| Ƙarfin musamman | 100,000+ Wh/kg | 10,000+ Wh/kg |
| Lokacin caji/saki | Lokacin caji da fitarwa na capacitors na yau da kullun yawanci daƙiƙa 103-106 ne. | Na'urorin Ultracapacitors na iya isar da caji da sauri fiye da batura, da sauri har zuwa daƙiƙa 10, kuma suna adana ƙarin caji a kowace naúra fiye da na'urorin capacitors na yau da kullun. Shi ya sa ake la'akari da shi tsakanin batura da na'urorin capacitors na electrolytic. |
| Tsawon lokacin caji/saukewa | Gajere | Ya fi tsayi (gabaɗaya 100,000 +, har zuwa zagaye miliyan 1, fiye da shekaru 10 na amfani) |
| Ingancin caji/fitarwa | >95% | 85%-98% |
| Zafin aiki | -20 zuwa 70℃ | -40 zuwa 70℃ (Ingantattun halaye na zafin jiki mai ƙarancin zafi da kuma kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi) |
| Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙima | Mafi girma | Ƙasa (yawanci 2.5V) |
| farashi | Ƙasa | Mafi girma |
| Riba | Rage asara Babban yawan haɗin kai Ikon sarrafawa mai aiki da amsawa | Tsawon rai Babban ƙarfin aiki sosai Caji mai sauri da lokacin fitarwa Babban halin yanzu mai nauyi Faɗin zafin aiki mai faɗi |
| Aikace-aikace | ▶ Fitar da wutar lantarki mai santsi; ▶ Gyaran Ƙarfin Wuta (PFC); ▶ Matatun mita, manyan masu wucewa, ƙananan masu wucewa; ▶Haɗin sigina da kuma haɗa shi; ▶ Masu kunna motoci; ▶Masu toshewa (masu kare ƙararrawa da matatun hayaniya); ▶Oscillators. | ▶ Sabbin motocin makamashi, layin dogo da sauran aikace-aikacen sufuri; ▶ Wutar lantarki mara katsewa (UPS), maye gurbin bankunan capacitor na lantarki; ▶ Samar da wutar lantarki ga wayoyin hannu, kwamfutocin tafi-da-gidanka, na'urorin hannu, da sauransu; ▶ Sukkuretocin lantarki masu caji waɗanda za a iya caji su gaba ɗaya cikin mintuna; ▶ Tsarin hasken gaggawa da na'urorin bugun lantarki masu ƙarfi; ▶ ICs, RAM, CMOS, agogo da ƙananan kwamfutoci, da sauransu. |
Idan kuna da wani abu da za ku ƙara ko wasu bayanai, da fatan za ku iya tattaunawa da mu.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-22-2021