Menene ma'aunin sha na capacitors na fim yake nufi?Shin ƙarami ne, mafi kyau?

Kafin gabatar da ma'aunin sha na capacitors na fim, bari mu kalli menene dielectric, polarization na dielectric da yanayin sha na capacitor.

Dielectric

Dielectric abu ne wanda ba ya aiki, watau, insulator, ba tare da cajin ciki wanda zai iya motsawa ba.Idan an sanya dielectric a cikin filin lantarki, electrons da nuclei na dielectric atoms suna yin "maɓallin dangi na microscopic" a cikin kewayon atomic. ƙarƙashin aikin ƙarfin filin lantarki, amma ba "motsi na macroscopic" daga zarra wanda suke ba, kamar free electrons a cikin madubi.Lokacin da aka kai ma'aunin lantarki, ƙarfin filin cikin dielectric ba sifili bane.Wannan shine babban bambanci tsakanin kayan lantarki na dielectrics da conductors.

Dielectric polarization

A ƙarƙashin aikin filin lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi, lokacin macroscopic dipole yana bayyana a cikin dielectric tare da jagorancin filin lantarki, kuma cajin da aka ɗaure ya bayyana a kan dielectric surface, wanda shine polarization na dielectric.

Al'amarin sha

al'amarin lag lokaci a cikin caji da kuma fitar da tsari na capacitor lalacewa ta hanyar jinkirin polarization na dielectric a karkashin aikin da amfani filin lantarki.Fahimtar gama gari ita ce, ana buƙatar capacitor ya cika caji nan take, amma ba a cika shi nan take;Ana buƙatar capacitor ya saki cajin gaba ɗaya, amma ba a sake shi ba, kuma abin da ya faru na rashin lokaci ya faru.

Absorption coefficient na fim capacitor

Ƙimar da aka yi amfani da ita don kwatanta abin da ya faru na shanyewar dielectric na fim capacitors ana kiransa coefficient na sha, kuma Ka yana magana da shi.Tasirin shayarwar dielectric na capacitors na fim yana ƙayyade ƙananan halaye na capacitors, kuma ƙimar Ka ta bambanta da yawa don nau'ikan capacitors daban-daban.Sakamakon ma'aunin ya bambanta don lokutan gwaji daban-daban na capacitor iri ɗaya;Ƙimar Ka kuma ta bambanta ga capacitors na ƙayyadaddun bayanai iri ɗaya, masana'antun daban-daban, da batches daban-daban.

Don haka akwai tambayoyi guda biyu yanzu-

Q1.Shin ma'aunin shayarwa na capacitors na fim yana da ƙanƙanta kamar yadda zai yiwu?

Q2.Menene illar mafi girman adadin yawan sha?

A1:

Ƙarƙashin aikin filin lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi: ƙarami Ka (ƙananan shayarwa) → mafi raunin polarization na dielectric (watau insulator) → ƙananan ƙarfin dauri a kan dielectric surface → mafi raunin abin sha na capacitor → capacitor yana caji da fitarwa cikin sauri.Ideal state: Ka ne 0, watau sha coefficient ne 0, da dielectric (watau insulator) ba shi da wani polarization sabon abu a karkashin aikin da amfani da filin lantarki, dielectric surface ba shi da gogayya dauri dauri a kan cajin, da capacitor cajin da fitarwa mayar da martani. ba shi da hysteresis.Saboda haka, yawan sha na capacitor na fim shine ƙarami mafi kyau.

A2:

Tasirin capacitor mai girman darajar Ka akan mabambantan da'irori yana bayyana kansa ta hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar haka.

1) Da'irori daban-daban sun zama da'irori guda biyu

2) Sawtooth kewayawa yana haifar da ƙara dawowar igiyar sawtooth, don haka da'irar ba zata iya murmurewa da sauri ba

3) Iyaka, clamps, kunkuntar bugun jini fitarwa waveform murdiya

4) Matsakaicin lokaci na ultra-low mitar smoothing tace ya zama babba

(5) DC amplifier sifili batu yana damuwa, jan hankali ta hanya ɗaya

6) Daidaiton samfur da riko da kewaye yana raguwa

7) Drift na DC aiki batu na linzamin kwamfuta amplifier

8) Ƙarfafa ripple a cikin da'irar samar da wutar lantarki

Duk aikin da ke sama na tasirin sha na dielectric ba shi da bambanci daga ainihin "inertia" na capacitor, wato, a cikin ƙayyadadden lokacin cajin ba a cajin ƙimar da ake sa ran, kuma akasin haka fitarwa shine lamarin.

Juriya na insulation (ko leakage halin yanzu) na capacitor tare da ƙimar Ka mafi girma ya bambanta da na madaidaicin capacitor (Ka = 0) saboda yana ƙaruwa tare da tsawon lokacin gwaji (yana raguwa).Lokacin gwaji na yanzu da aka ƙayyade a China shine minti ɗaya.