A cikin da'irar DC, capacitor yayi daidai da buɗaɗɗen kewayawa.Capacitor wani nau'i ne na bangaren da ke iya adana cajin wutar lantarki, kuma yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan amfani da shikayan lantarki.Wannan yana farawa da tsarin capacitor.Mafi sauƙaƙan capacitors sun ƙunshi faranti na polar a ƙarshen duka da kuma dielectric insulating (ciki har da iska) a tsakiya.Lokacin da aka ƙarfafa, ana cajin faranti, suna haifar da ƙarfin lantarki (bambanci mai yuwuwa), amma saboda kayan insulating a tsakiya, gaba ɗaya capacitor ba ya aiki.Duk da haka, wannan yanayin yana ƙarƙashin sharadi cewa ƙarfin lantarki mai mahimmanci (ƙarashin wuta) na capacitor bai wuce ba.Kamar yadda muka sani, duk wani abu yana da ɗan goge baki.Lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki a kan wani abu ya ƙaru zuwa wani matsayi, duk abubuwa zasu iya gudanar da wutar lantarki, wanda ake kira breakdown voltage.Capacitors ba togiya.Bayan an rushe capacitors, ba insulators ba ne.Koyaya, a matakin makarantar sakandare, ba a ganin irin waɗannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin kewaye, don haka duk suna aiki a ƙasa da ƙarancin wutar lantarki kuma ana iya ɗaukar su azaman insulators.Koyaya, a cikin da'irar AC, jagorancin halin yanzu yana canzawa azaman aikin lokaci.Tsarin caji da cajin capacitors yana da lokaci.A wannan lokacin, wutar lantarki da ke canzawa tana samuwa a tsakanin na'urorin lantarki, kuma wannan filin lantarki yana aiki ne na canzawa tare da lokaci.A gaskiya ma, halin yanzu yana wucewa tsakanin capacitors a cikin hanyar lantarki.

Aiki na capacitor:

●Haɗin kai:Capacitor da ake amfani da shi wajen haɗa haɗin haɗakarwa ana kiransa coupling capacitor, wanda ake amfani da shi sosai a cikin amplifier mai ƙarfin juriya da sauran hanyoyin haɗin haɗin gwiwa, kuma yana taka rawa na ware DC da wucewa AC.

●Tace:Capacitors da ake amfani da su a cikin da'irori masu tacewa ana kiran su filter capacitors, waɗanda ake amfani da su wajen tace wutar lantarki da kuma da'irori daban-daban.Filter capacitors suna cire sigina a cikin takamaiman rukunin mitar daga jimlar sigina.

●Yankewa:Capacitors da aka yi amfani da su a cikin keɓaɓɓun da'irori ana kiran su capacitors, waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin da'irar samar da wutar lantarki na DC na amplifiers multistage.Ƙwaƙwalwar capacitors suna kawar da ƙananan haɗin giciye mai cutarwa tsakanin kowane amplifier mataki.

●Babban kawar da girgizar ƙasa:Capacitor da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin babban da'irar kawar da girgizawar mitar ana kiransa babban ƙarfin kawar da jijjiga.A cikin ƙaramar magana mara kyau na sauti, don kawar da babban motsin kai wanda zai iya faruwa, ana amfani da wannan da'irar capacitor don kawar da yawan kukan da ka iya faruwa a cikin amplifier.

●Resonance:Capacitors amfani da LC resonant da'irori ana kiransu resonant capacitors, wanda ake bukata a cikin LC a layi daya da kuma jerin resonant da'irori.

●Ketare:Capacitor da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kewayawa ana kiransa capacitor bypass.Idan ana buƙatar cire siginar da ke cikin takamaiman rukunin mitar daga siginar da ke kewaye, ana iya amfani da da'irar capacitor na kewaye.Dangane da mitar siginar da aka cire, akwai cikakken yanki na mitar (duk siginar AC) kewaye capacitor da kuma babban da'irar capacitor na kewaye.

●Neutralization:Capacitors da aka yi amfani da su a cikin da'irori na tsaka-tsaki ana kiran su capacitors neutralization.A cikin babban mitar rediyo da na'urorin haɓaka mitar mitoci na tsaka-tsaki da na'urorin haɓaka mitar talabijin, ana amfani da wannan da'irar capacitor na tsaka-tsaki don kawar da tashin hankali.

●Lokaci:Capacitors da ake amfani da su a cikin da'irori lokaci ana kiran su capacitors na lokaci.Ana amfani da da'irar capacitor na lokaci a cikin da'irar da ke buƙatar sarrafa lokaci ta hanyar caji da fitar da capacitors, kuma capacitors suna taka rawar sarrafa lokaci akai-akai.

●Haɗin kai:Capacitors da ake amfani da su a cikin da'irori haɗin kai ana kiran su capacitors haɗin kai.A cikin da'irar rabuwa ta aiki tare na duba yuwuwar filin lantarki, ana iya fitar da siginar daidaitawar filin daga siginar daidaitawar fili ta hanyar amfani da wannan da'irar capacitor na haɗin gwiwa.

●Banbanci:Capacitors da ake amfani da su a cikin da'irori daban-daban ana kiran su capacitors daban-daban.Domin samun siginar faɗakarwa a cikin da'irar juyawa, ana amfani da da'irar capacitor daban-daban don samun siginar bugun bugun bugun jini daga sigina daban-daban (mafi yawan bugun bugun rectangular).

●Diyya:Capacitor da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin da'irar ramuwa ana kiransa capacitor ramuwa.A cikin da'irar ramuwa ta bass na mariƙin katin, ana amfani da wannan ƙananan mitar ramuwa capacitor da'ira don inganta siginar ƙaramar mitar a cikin siginar sake kunnawa.Bugu da kari, akwai babban mitar diyya capacitor kewaye.

●Bootstrap:Capacitor da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin da'irar bootstrap ana kiransa capacitor na bootstrap, wanda aka saba amfani dashi a cikin da'irar matakin fitarwa na amplifier na OTL don ƙara ingantaccen girman siginar rabin-zagaye ta hanyar amsa mai kyau.

●Rarraba mitar:Ana kiran capacitor a cikin da'irar rarraba mitar mita capacitor.A cikin da'irar rarraba mitar lasifikar na akwatin sauti, ana amfani da da'irar capacitor da'ira don sa lasifikar mai girma ta yi aiki a cikin maɗaukakin maɗaukakin ƙararraki, lasifika mai matsakaici yana aiki a cikin matsakaicin mita da ƙananan mita. lasifikar aiki a cikin ƙananan mitar band.

●Ƙarfin lodi:yana nufin ingantaccen ƙarfin waje wanda ke kayyade yawan resonant na lodi tare da resonator na ma'adini crystal.Ma'auni na yau da kullun don masu ɗaukar nauyi sune 16pF, 20pF, 30pF, 50pF, da 100pF.Za'a iya daidaita ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi bisa ga takamaiman yanayin, kuma ana iya daidaita mitar aiki na resonator zuwa ƙimar ƙima ta hanyar daidaita shi.

A halin yanzu, masana'antar capacitor na fina-finai suna shiga wani lokaci na ingantaccen ci gaba daga a
lokacin girma cikin sauri, da kuma sabbin makamashin motsa jiki na masana'antu yana cikin
matakin mika mulki.